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Infection with oncogenic strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) causes vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) and invasive genital squamous cell carcinomas. Although spontaneous resolution of VIN sometimes happens (<1.5% of patients), this neoplasia frequently recurs, even after aggressive surgical and medical treatments. Most patients with spontaneous VIN resolution show evidence of a response characterized by CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes with specificity against the E6 protein of HPV strain 16.
A group of 20 women with HPV16+VIN received three or four doses of an HPV-16 vaccine containing the entire sequence of HPV E6 and E7 proteins. Lesions resolved completely in 10 of these women. Immunomonitoring showed broad and durable in vitro T-cell…