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Studies have shown that growing up on a farm is associated with reduced risk for asthma, possibly through stimulation of the innate immune system in early life. These data are supportive of the so-called hygiene hypothesis (see N Engl J Med 2002; 347:869, 347:930).
Recently, researchers in Germany analyzed data from two large cross-sectional studies comparing microbial exposures of farm-dwelling and non–farm-dwelling children in central Europe.
In the PARSIFAL study (6843 participants), researchers analyzed mattress dust samples for environmental bacteria via DNA signatures, which detect bacteria that cannot be measured by culture. In the GABRIELA study (9668 participants), researchers used culture techniques to evaluate bacterial and fungal …