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Histamine2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) and proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most prescribed medications worldwide because of their efficacy and safety profiles. However, concerns about possible long-term adverse effects of acid suppression (including masking or induction of malignancy, malabsorption, and increasing susceptibility to enteric infections) were raised in the 1980s when an association was suggested between use of H2RAs and development of nosocomial pneumonia in the intensive care unit. These concerns have not been substantiated in subsequent scientific and postmarket evaluations.
To examine the association between use of acid-suppressive drugs and community-acquired pneumonia, researchers performed a nested case-contr…