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Antibiotics are important in treating several aspects of Crohn disease and have shown promise in some studies of ulcerative colitis (UC). Indeed, Fusobacterium varium has been shown to be present in the colonic mucosa of a high proportion of UC patients.
Researchers in Japan enrolled 206 patients with mild-to-severe chronic relapsing UC in a trial of an antibiotic regimen active against F. varium. About half the participants were taking corticosteroids; a few were on an immunomodulator. Patients were randomized to receive placebo or a thrice-daily regimen of amoxicillin (500 mg), tetracycline (500 mg), and metronidazole (250 mg) for 2 weeks.
The rate of clinical response was higher with combination antibiotic treatment than with placebo at 3 …