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Microscopic colitis (MC) is increasingly diagnosed as a cause of chronic diarrhea. The cause of MC is unknown; however, it has been associated in small studies with the use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs).
To examine this possible association further, investigators in the Netherlands retrospectively assessed medical records of 136 patients who received diagnoses of MC at two hospitals during a 4-year period. Pharmacy data from the 2 years prior to diagnoses were available for 95 (70%) of patients (mean age, 58; 66% women); these patients were matched by age and sex with population-based controls who supplied questionnaire data regarding their drug exposure and medical status. Drug exposure for patients and controls was defined as ≥1 PPI pre…