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About 10% to 20% of patients with pan ulcerative colitis (UC) experience histologic inflammation of the ileum (or backwash ileitis), which has been found to be a risk factor for postoperative complications after ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA).
To investigate the effect of backwash ileitis on pouch outcomes, researchers conducted a single-center study involving 1442 patients with pan UC and documented ileal inflammation status, of whom 130 (9%) had backwash ileitis. These 130 patients were matched by age, sex, and type of proctocolectomy to 132 controls with no ileal inflammation on pathology review. Patients and controls also had similar preoperative diagnosis of UC, indeterminate colitis, or primary sclerosing cholangitis (which is ass…