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Progressive loss of neurons, ventricular enlargement, frontotemporal hypofunction, and impaired white matter integrity have been well described in schizophrenia and are associated with impaired memory and executive function. These investigators randomized 53 patients with onset of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder within the previous 8 years (mean illness duration, 3.2 years) to a 2-year course of cognitive-enhancement therapy (CET) or a control therapy (enriched supportive therapy [EST]) and performed magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and annually.
With CET, pairs of patients received 60 hours of weekly computer-based neurocognitive training focused on attention, processing speed, memory, and executive function; after a few mon…