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Of the estimated 4.4% of U.S. adults with ADHD, many respond to medication but continue to have symptoms. This therapy add-on study involved 86 patients (mean age, 43) who had at least mildly and persistently symptomatic ADHD initially diagnosed in childhood, were on stable psychotropic medication regimens, and lacked major psychiatric comorbidities. Participants were randomized to 12 sessions of individual cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or relaxation training plus education. CBT modules focused on psychoeducation regarding ADHD and training in organizing, planning, and problem solving; skills to reduce distractibility; and cognitive restructuring (thinking adaptively in distress-causing situations). Two sessions were boosters or focuse…