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It usually takes months for radioiodine therapy to produce euthyroidism in patients with hyperthyroidism. Therefore, antithyroid drugs are often prescribed before and after radioiodine therapy. Although antithyroid drug therapy is usually interrupted for several days around the time of radioiodine administration (to avoid blocking radioiodine uptake by the thyroid), use of antithyroid drugs just before or after radioiodine administration still may increase the risk for treatment failure (i.e., persistent or recurrent hyperthyroidism).
In this meta-analysis, investigators identified 14 randomized controlled trials that assessed the outcomes of radioiodine treatment in 1306 patients receiving either adjunctive antithyroid drugs (propylthiourac…