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Observational studies have suggested that the use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) may increase the risk for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Danish investigators assessed the association between PPIs and CAP in a population-based study; they compared more than 7600 patients hospitalized for CAP with 34,000 age- and sex-matched controls.
Eleven percent of cases and 5% of controls were current users of PPIs. Current use of a PPI was significantly associated with CAP (adjusted odds ratio, 1.5), and the association was stronger within 7 days after starting PPI use (AOR, 5.0); past PPI use was not associated with CAP. Interestingly, there was no association between current PPI use and CAP for cases in which airborne pathogens, such as Strepto…