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Lifestyle interventions aimed at improving diet and exercise can lower the incidence of diabetes in people with impaired glucose tolerance. No lifestyle intervention has yet been shown to lower diabetes incidence for longer than 4 years after the intervention, or to decrease cardiovascular complications or long-term mortality.
In 1986, investigators in China randomized 577 adults with impaired glucose tolerance (mean age, 45) to one of three lifestyle interventions (diet, exercise, or both) or no intervention for 6 years. After 6 years, the cumulative incidence of diabetes was significantly lower in the combined intervention groups than in the control group (43% vs. 66%). In 1992, all participants were informed of the results, and they resum…