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Male infertility is present in about 50% of couples who present with infertility. The antiestrogen drug clomiphene citrate and the antioxidant vitamin E have been used to raise sperm counts in men with male-factor infertility, but data from randomized trials are lacking.
In a 6-month randomized trial, 60 Egyptian men with idiopathic infertility received daily combined therapy (clomiphene citrate [25 mg] plus vitamin E [400 mg]) or placebo. Pregnancy rates were significantly higher in the treatment group than in the placebo group (37% vs. 13%). Sperm concentration and forward progressive motility of sperm also increased significantly with active treatment but not with placebo.