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When tested in young women, vaccines against two oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV types 16 and 18) were highly immunogenic and markedly lowered cervical HPV-16/18 infections and cervical pathology for as long as 5.5 years. The duration of this protection, however, is unknown.
In 2001, manufacturer-supported researchers randomized more than 1100 women (age range, 15–25) who were previously uninfected with HPV 16 or 18 to receive three doses of a bivalent HPV-16/18 vaccine or placebo. The investigators now report on extended follow-up of a subset of 776 of these women.
After as long as 6.4 years of follow-up, vaccine efficacy was 95% for preventing incident HPV-16/18 infection, 100% for preventing persistent HPV-16/18 infection, 97% for pr…