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Differentiated cells can be transformed into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Like embryonic stem (ES) cells, iPS cells can be transformed into many different types of differentiated cells to replace those damaged by injury or disease (JW Gen Med Dec 29 2008). Theoretically, iPS cells should be genetically identical to the recipient's natural tissue and not be subject to immune rejection. Researchers now show, however, that tissues formed from mouse iPS cells are more likely to be immunologically rejected than tissues formed from ES cells.
Compared with ES cells, iPS cells express several genes that make immunogenic proteins. In addition, recent studies have shown subtle changes in gene structure and function in iPS cells compared with …