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Postmenopausal estrogen therapy prevents bone loss and vasomotor symptoms, but many clinicians and patients seek other approaches because of potential adverse effects of estrogen. Soy protein contains isoflavones, which bind to estrogen receptors; however, clinical trials of soy protein have had problems with short duration, low dosage of soy, limited assessments, and variable patient characteristics. In this randomized U.S. trial, 248 women within 5 years of menopause onset and with bone-mineral density [BMD] T scores better than –2.0, received daily soy isoflavones (200 mg) or placebo. The soy dose was roughly twice that found in the typical Asian diet. Women received calcium and cholecalciferol supplementation if their intake was inadequ…