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According to conventional wisdom — but not robust evidence — a high-fiber diet protects against diverticulosis. In a cross-sectional study designed to evaluate this theory, researchers administered detailed food-frequency questionnaires to 2100 adults who underwent colonoscopy (primarily for routine screening). Participants were asked to provide responses that reflected their “usual diet” during the previous year. Those in the highest quartile of fiber intake reported 3-fold higher intakes than those in the lowest quartile.
Colonoscopy revealed diverticulosis in 42% of patients. In adjusted analyses, high fiber intake was not associated with lower prevalence of diverticulosis; in fact, prevalence of diverticulosis was highest in those with t…