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Cancers of the esophagus and gastroesophageal (GE) junction are virulent diseases that are uncommon in the U.S. and Western Europe. Given the poor outcomes associated with surgery alone for patients with these cancers, preoperative chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy has been administered, albeit with variable rates of success in improving overall survival (OS).
To further assess the potential OS benefit of preoperative chemoradiotherapy in this setting, investigators in the Netherlands conducted the multicenter, randomized, phase III CROSS trial, involving 366 patients with resectable squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and GE junction. Patients with node-positive or T2–3 cancers were assigned to primary surgery (surger…