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Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can lead to disabilities that range from mild hearing loss to severe developmental delay. Women who acquire primary CMV during pregnancy have the highest risk for transmitting CMV to their fetuses. CMV in adults is transmitted primarily through contact with bodily fluids such as urine, saliva, and semen. The two major modes of CMV transmission to a pregnant seronegative woman are through contact with an infected child’s urine or saliva and through sexual contact. The CDC and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommend that pregnant women be counseled about the importance of hand hygiene after handling diapers or after close contact with young children.
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