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Although the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is highly effective in the prevention of cervical disease, the cost-effectiveness of vaccination programs has been questioned. Most cost analyses have focused on costs attributable to cervical cancer. In this study, investigators used incidence-based methods to calculate the economic burden associated with noncervical conditions (anal, penile, vulvar, and vaginal cancers; mouth and oropharyngeal cancers; anogenital warts; and juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis [JORRP]) caused by HPV-6, -11, -16, and -18.
The study was based on lifetime costs per case in men and women in the U.S. in 2003. Annual incidence estimates ranged from 1077 new cases of vaginal cancer to 500,000 new case…