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Questions persist about treatment of febrile urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. Although oral antibiotics have been shown to be as effective as parenteral antibiotics, prophylaxis for low-grade vesicoureteral reflux remains controversial, and no consensus exists about which radiologic studies should be performed.
Investigators prospectively compared the accuracy of routine imaging studies for predicting renal scarring after a first febrile UTI among 300 children (age range, 1 month to 2 years) at 28 pediatric centers in Italy. Children with abnormal renal anatomy on prenatal ultrasounds were excluded. Children underwent ultrasonography and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scanning within 10 days after starting treatment and underwent…