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A comprehensive report from the American Academy of Pediatrics reviews recent data and presents important recommendations about the diagnosis and management of concussion in children and adolescent athletes. Highlights of the report include the following:
The five major features of concussion are a direct blow to the head or face, rapid onset of short-lived impairment, functional rather than structural injury, clinical symptoms that vary in severity, and no abnormality on neuroimaging. Loss of consciousness is uncommon (<10%).
Signs and symptoms of concussion include physical, cognitive, emotional, and sleep abnormalities.
Loss of consciousness and amnesia might indicate more-severe injury.
On-the-field assessment should include evaluation of a…