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Few randomized trials indicate that primary care–based interventions for obesity in children lead to sustained reductions in body-mass index (BMI). The most convincing study involved 12 weeks of cognitive behavioral therapy. Even fewer data are available about management of obesity in preschool children. In a study of 475 children (age range, 2–6 years) with BMI >95th percentile (or >85th percentile if 1 parent was overweight), researchers compared 1-year outcomes between children at five practices randomized to provide a primary care–based intervention and those at five practices randomized to provide usual care. The intervention involved restructuring of practices based on a chronic care disease model and training nurses to use motivation…