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Children with chronic illness often experience painful medical procedures, restriction of activities, and adverse effects on academic achievement and social competency. Treatments designed to help children cope with psychosocial stresses of specific chronic illnesses have been reported but with limited long-term outcomes. Researchers in the Netherlands tested the efficacy of group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in 194 children (age range, 8–18 years) with type 1 diabetes (35%), kidney disease (16%), autoimmune disease (11%), asthma (7%), or other chronic illnesses. Study participants were randomized to receive a child-only CBT intervention (4–8 children/group), the child CBT intervention plus a parallel parent intervention, or a wait-li…