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In Europe, ginkgo biloba extracts are available in both prescription and over-the-counter formulations. These purified and enriched extracts of dried leaves from the ginkgo biloba tree contain concentrations of 2 active substance classes: ginkgo flavonol glycosides and terpene trilactones. Putative actions of ginkgo biloba include vasoregulation, cognition enhancement, stress alleviation, and possible gene regulation. To assess the effect of ginkgo biloba in elderly patients with cognitive decline, these Dutch investigators conducted a 24-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial.
Sixty-three patients with dementia and 151 with other significant cognitive impairment were enrolled (mean age, 83; 84 percent women). T…