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Randomized trials demonstrating the efficacy of screening mammography in reducing breast cancer mortality were performed in the U.S. decades ago, and their results have been corroborated by those of a recent randomized U.K. trial (Journal Watch Women’s Health Mar 1 2007); however, case-control studies are also important in evaluating the benefits of screening. The Women’s Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences (CARE) Study (Journal Watch Women’s Health Aug 20 2002) included women newly diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. Participants in the original Women’s CARE Study were followed for 5 years; in the current report, investigators assessed breast cancer mortality in the 553 women who died during follow-up (224 were age 40–49 at diagn…