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Determining the best treatment for infertile patients who have unclear or minimal underlying pathology is not always straightforward. Although artificial insemination and clomiphene citrate often are used to treat unexplained infertility, concerns about side effects — and costs — prompted researchers in Scotland to conduct a randomized trial to compare the worth of clomiphene citrate, unstimulated intrauterine insemination, and expectant management. A total of 580 couples with ≥2 years of infertility (women were ovulatory and had bilateral tubal patency; men had normal semen variables) were evaluated. Women were randomized to receive multicycle regimens of clomiphene citrate, unstimulated intrauterine insemination (administered 20–30 hours …