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In the quest for modifiable diabetes risk factors, dietary alteration is a prime target. But should we simply counsel overweight patients to lower their BMIs, or should we also target specific dietary components, such as fats or sugar-sweetened drinks? In two studies, investigators addressed these questions.
In the Women’s Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial, 48,835 healthy postmenopausal women (age range, 50–79) were randomized to a usual-diet comparison group or to an individualized dietary intervention that specified 20% of energy from fat. The intervention group received self-monitoring instructions and group sessions; the comparison group was given reading material about dietary guidelines. Dietary intake was monitored with a s…