Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects approximately 2.5% of adults worldwide. It is characterized by inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity; all of which contribute to functional impairment.

• ADHD is a polygenic and multifactorial neurodevelopmental condition with a heritability of approximately 80%. Both common and rare genetic variants influence early neuronal development, synaptic transmission, regulatory pathways, and brain structure and function (Figure 1).

• Adults with ADHD may be seen by clinicians providing care for a wide range of psychiatric and somatic conditions.

• Diagnosis requires at least five symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity and functional impairment across multiple settings…