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Although atazanavir-associated nephrolithiasis is well documented in case reports and case series, little information is available on incidence and comparative risk.
To address this gap, researchers reviewed data from a cohort of adults who started protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimens between January 2004 and June 2010 at a single, large HIV treatment center in Tokyo. During follow-up, which lasted through June 2011, renal stones were diagnosed in 31 of 465 patients taking atazanavir and in 4 of 775 taking other PIs (incidence, 23.7 vs. 2.2 cases/1000 person-years). Six of the 18 patients who continued atazanavir despite developing renal stones had at least one recurrence. None of the 13 patients who discontinued atazanavir experienced rec…