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Transmission of bacterial vaginosis (BV) is considered to be sexually linked, but BV has not been definitively categorized as a sexually transmitted infection (STI); moreover, study results about BV prevention through condom use have been inconsistent. In a case-crossover study, researchers analyzed the effect of condom use on acquisition or recurrence of BV. A total of 871 women (age range, 13–36) seen at U.S. family planning, university health, gynecology, and STI clinics self-collected vaginal swabs at baseline and at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. Specimens were evaluated microscopically by Nugent’s criteria for BV and also were cultured to identify and quantify all organisms. Women who reported sexual activity during the preceding 2 months …