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In several observational studies and randomized trials in obese patients, bariatric surgery has improved remission of type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obstructive sleep apnea, compared with nonsurgical management. However, few deaths occur in most studies, so accurately assessing effects of bariatric surgery on mortality is difficult. To address this point, researchers conducted a meta-analysis of 16 high-quality matched-cohort studies and 1 prospective randomized trial in which bariatric surgery was compared with nonsurgical management of obesity; patient-level data was reconstructed from published survival curves.
Overall, about 7700 deaths occurred among 174,000 participants with 1.2 million patient-years of follow-up. Bariatric surgery…