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The dietary supplement creatine has been widely promoted for use in building muscles and boosting energy, and Americans use more than 4 million kg of creatine annually. Prior research has suggested that improvements in depressive symptoms and response to antidepressants are linked to greater efficiency in brain energetics and that increased levels of brain phosphocreatine might facilitate the production of the high-energy molecule ATP. In preclinical research, creatine has shown antidepressant-like effects in female (but not male) rats. Based on these findings, investigators in Korea and Utah conducted a foundation- and government-supported, 8-week, randomized, controlled trial in which 52 otherwise medically healthy women with major depres…