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Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have two first-line dietary treatment options: a healthful, balanced diet or a diet low in fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs). However, many patients do not improve with either diet. These researchers expanded on previous study results suggesting that the Mediterranean diet might improve IBS symptoms.
About 140 adults with IBS (30% diarrhea-predominant; 20% constipation-predominant; 50% mixed) were randomized to a healthful, balanced diet or to the Mediterranean diet, which emphasizes plant-based foods, healthy fats, and whole grains. Interventions for both arms consisted of a single online information session with follow-up information sent by email.