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False-positive mammograms are common, so knowing how they affect women is important. Investigators systematically reviewed the literature and identified 23 studies (all of which included comparison groups) of false-positive results on screening mammography.
In the U.S., women who received false-positive mammogram results were more likely to return for their next routine mammogram (risk ratio, 1.07) than women who received normal results. Women who received false-positive results conducted more frequent breast self-examinations, had more psychological distress and anxiety, and thought more about breast cancer than other women. There was no evidence, however, that anxiety disorders or depression were more common after false-positive results.