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Controversies have surrounded the diagnosis and treatment of carbohydrate intolerance during pregnancy. In a new study, researchers assessed pregnancy outcomes in women with varying degrees of gestational hyperglycemia; in a second study, investigators compared perinatal outcomes following treatment with metformin or with insulin in women with gestational diabetes.
The Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) research group evaluated birth weight, incidence of cesarean delivery, cord-blood C-peptide levels (a surrogate marker for fetal insulin levels), and neonatal hypoglycemia in more than 25,000 pregnant women. All participants underwent standard 75-g oral glucose-tolerance testing between 24 and 32 weeks’ gestation. Maternal gly…