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Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have better outcomes with kidney transplant than with dialysis. However, about 100,000 ESRD patients start dialysis annually because of limited donor organs or contraindications to transplantation; about 7% start with peritoneal dialysis (PD). In two U.S. studies, researchers address outcomes of and preferences for PD and hemodialysis (HD).
In one study, 685,000 HD and PD patients were assessed in 3-year cohorts from 1996 to 2004; mortality at 5 years of follow-up was evaluated. Compared with HD patients, PD patients were younger, healthier, and more likely to be white. In analyses adjusted for these factors, PD patients had somewhat higher risk for death (about 8% higher) than HD patients between…