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Evidence is mounting that a single dose of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is as effective as a two-dose schedule in preventing HPV infection and cervical cancer. Since the World Health Organization’s 2022 endorsement of a single-dose schedule for females aged 9 to 20, nine high-income countries, including Canada and the United Kingdom, have adopted this approach, but the United States is not among them.
To further evaluate the single-dose approach, researchers randomized ≈20,000 girls aged 12 to 16 to receive a bivalent vaccine (covering HPV 16/18) or a 9-valent vaccine (HPV 16/18 plus seven other high-risk types); within each vaccine group, participants were randomized again to receive either one or two doses. The primary end poi…