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Since the advent of potent antiretroviral therapy, some malignancies have increased in prevalence, while others have decreased. However, the role of immune suppression in the pathogenesis of various cancers is unclear. In this meta-analysis, investigators assessed cancer incidence, relative to the general population, in two groups of immunosuppressed patients: those with HIV/AIDS and those who had received solid-organ transplants. They hypothesized that if these two populations — which are assumed to have virtually nothing in common except immune suppression — both have an increased incidence of certain cancers, then those types of cancer are likely to be associated with immune deficiency.
All the studies included in the meta-analysis — seve…