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Although most radiologists now use computer-aided detection during screening mammography to enhance detection of suspicious lesions, definitive studies on how computer-aided detection affects actual diagnoses are lacking. To assess associations between computer-aided mammography and detection rates for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast cancer, researchers analyzed data from 160,000 women enrolled in Medicare (age range, 67–89) who underwent screening mammography between 2001 and 2006.
During the 5-year study, use of computer-aided detection during screening mammography increased from 3.6% to 60.5%. Computer-aided mammography, compared with non–computer-aided mammography, yielded a higher rate of DCIS diagnosis (adjusted odd…