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These authors constructed a guideline to help physicians diagnose or rule out the diagnosis of suspected blepharospasm. They identified clinical features associated with blepharospasm. An independent panel of three neurologists and two ophthalmologists assessed each feature's relevance. The authors evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of each relevant feature and constructed an algorithm with the best possible overall accuracy.
Of 19 features identified, 7 were considered valid: involuntary eyelid narrowing/closure due to orbicularis oculi spasms, bilateral spasms, synchronous spasms, stereotyped spasm pattern, sensory trick, blink count at rest, and inability to voluntarily suppress the spasms. Individually, the 7 items could not diffe…