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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and alcohol are typically cited as the major risk factors for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, risk estimate calculations do not account for the prevalence of the exposure in the population, only the strength of the association. To better characterize the contributions of individual risk factors to the burden of HCC in the population, researchers calculated the population attributable fraction (PAF) for viral hepatitis, alcohol-related liver disorders, diabetes and obesity, and metabolic disorders.
Data were from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database. Cases were 6,991 patients aged ≥68 years who were diagnosed with HCC between 1994 and 2007. Controls compri…