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Although many studies have compared cardiovascular risks in menopausal hormone therapy users versus nonusers, few data address the comparative safety of different oral estrogen formulations. Investigators conducted a case-control study of menopausal women taking oral estradiol (E2) or conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) from 2003 through 2009. Cases had incident venous thromboembolism (VTE), myocardial infarction (MI), or ischemic stroke; controls had no history of these cardiovascular events. Endogenous thrombin potential-based normalized activated protein C sensitivity ratio (nAPCsr), a measure that predicts VTE risk in the setting of estrogen use, was assessed in a subset of controls.
A total of 68, 67, and 49 cases of incident VTE, MI, and…