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The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends that all HIV-infected people initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART), but data on ART initiation in patients with high CD4-cell counts are limited. In January 2010, San Francisco's Department of Public Health began offering ART to all HIV-positive patients treated at its facilities. Researchers have now analyzed data from 4441 San Francisco residents who had been diagnosed with HIV infection before 2011 but had not yet started ART. The cohort was 90% men, 56% white, 64% age 30 to 49, 68% men who have sex with men (MSM), and 17% MSM intravenous drug users. Within the study cohort, 2138 people were newly diagnosed with HIV from calendar years 2007 through 2010.
During that period, the a…