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Broad-spectrum antibiotics are recommended to lengthen latency of labor in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Although early studies used ampicillin and erythromycin, azithromycin has often been substituted for erythromycin (whether because of better tolerability or greater availability). Azithromycin and erythromycin have never been compared head to head; therefore, researchers conducted a retrospective chart review within a single institution. The study was powered to detect a 5-day difference in latency to delivery between groups.
Of 168 eligible patients with ruptured membranes between 24 and 34 weeks' gestation, 75 received ampicillin and erythromycin and 93 received ampicillin and azithromycin. The two groups ha…