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Asymptomatic microscopic hematuria is not uncommon, but it is unclear whether extensive evaluation should be undertaken in young people with this finding. In this study from a U.S. military medical center, researchers examined the yield of computed tomography (CT) in 442 men and women — all younger than 50 — with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria (≥3, but ≤50 red blood cells per high-powered field). CT included an unenhanced phase followed by contrast-enhanced CT urography.
No patient had upper-tract malignancy. Sixty-four patients (14%) had nonmalignant findings that potentially were hematuria-related (mostly renal calculi); all of these were visible on unenhanced images. Additionally, 31% had findings considered to be unrelated to hematur…