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Rotavirus causes the majority of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Before the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine in 2006, rotavirus was responsible for up to 70,000 hospitalizations and over 400,000 acute care visits annually in the U.S. Vaccination has led to significant decreases in rotavirus-related hospitalizations (NEJM JW Pediatr Adolesc Med Nov 2011 and N Engl J Med 2011; 365:1108; NEJM JW Pediatr Adolesc Med Sep 3 2013; [e-pub] and JAMA 2013; 310:851).
To assess changes in rotavirus activity, researchers examined data from the National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System before (2000–2006) and after (2007–2014) rotavirus vaccine implementation. In each year after vaccine introduction, the proportion of stool samples t…