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The Prostate Health Index (PHI) is an option for prostate cancer screening that was approved by the FDA in 2012. PHI is a single score that is calculated from measurements of total prostate-specific antigen (PSA), free PSA, and an isoform of PSA called [−2]proPSA; it predicts presence of prostate cancer somewhat more accurately than do any of its component tests.
In this study (funded by the company that developed the [−2]proPSA assay), researchers calculated the PHI in 658 men (age, ≥50) with screening PSA levels between 4 ng/mL and 10 ng/mL. Participants then underwent multiple-core prostate biopsies. Biopsy results revealed prostate cancer in about half the men: 52% of cancers were considered to be “clinically significant” by Epstein crit…