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Clostridium difficile (CD) infection, one of today's most urgent nosocomial health problems, predominantly affects frail elderly patients with recent antibiotic use. Associated mortality can reach 50% if a highly virulent strain such as ribotype 027 is involved. Relapse of CD infection after treatment is common. Transplantation of fecal microbiota has been proposed as an alternative to antibiotics for treatment of relapses, but does this also work as initial therapy? To find out, researchers conducted a before-and-after, open prospective study involving patients with CD ribotype 027 infection (N=61) during an outbreak in Marseilles, France.
Between March and November 2013, 45 patients (mean age, 84; mean APACHE score, 28) were treated with m…