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Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is effective for primary insomnia (NEJM JW Psychiatry Aug 2015 and Ann Intern Med 2015 Jun 9; [e-pub]), but sleeplessness occurring in conjunction with medical or psychiatric conditions may be harder to treat unless the underlying condition can be improved. In a meta-analysis, researchers examined 37 randomized clinical trials that tested 2 to 10 sessions of CBT-I against a range of control or comparison conditions in 2189 patients with comorbid medical and psychiatric conditions.
Patients who received CBT-I showed significantly greater beneficial effects on subjectively reported sleep latency, efficiency, waking time, and sleep quality. The 22 studies with validated global sleep questionnai…