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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common illness in which pathogen identification has been uncommon. Today's more-sensitive diagnostic tests and better vaccines could greatly change the picture of this condition. To examine incidence and microbiologic causes in recent years, researchers conducted a prospective, active surveillance study among adult patients hospitalized with CAP between January 1, 2010, and June 30, 2012, at any of five hospitals in Nashville and Chicago.
Patients determined to have CAP, based on certain clinical and radiographic findings, were eligible for the study; 2488 (68%) of them were enrolled. Of these 2488 patients, 2320 (93%) had radiographic evidence of pneumonia. Twenty-one percent of the patients with radi…